Introduction
Omizutori (お水取り), also known as Shunie, is an ancient Buddhist ritual held annually at Todaiji Temple in Nara, Japan. This series of repentance rituals has been conducted for over 1,250 years, making it one of the oldest recurring Buddhist events in Japan. Omizutori takes place at Nigatsudo Hall from March 1st to 14th each year, attracting numerous visitors to witness its sacred ceremonies.
Key Information
- Dates: March 1st to 14th annually
- Location: Nigatsudo Hall, Todaiji Temple, Nara
- Main Event: Otaimatsu (Torch Ceremony)
- History: A Buddhist ritual with over 1,250 years of history
- Highlights: Combination of fire and water rituals symbolizing purification and rebirth
Rich History
Omizutori originated in the Nara period (710-794 AD) as an annual Buddhist service to pray for national peace and prosperity. The core of the ritual involves monks drawing sacred water from a well beneath Nigatsudo Hall on the night of March 12th into the early hours of March 13th. This water is said to flow only once a year and possess healing properties. It is this water-drawing ceremony that gives the event its name “Omizutori” (water-drawing).
Main Attractions and Events
Nigatsudo Hall
Nigatsudo Hall is the main stage for Omizutori, situated on a hillside northeast of Todaiji’s main hall. This wooden structure is steeped in history, with its balcony serving as the platform for the torch-bearing ceremony. Visitors can observe the rituals from the courtyard in front of Nigatsudo, experiencing the solemn atmosphere illuminated by flames.
Nigatsudo is not only a venue for rituals but also an architectural gem. It showcases traditional Japanese wooden architecture techniques, with beautifully curved roofs and upturned eaves reflecting the Nara period style. Visitors can admire the intricate wood carvings up close, appreciating the craftsmanship of ancient artisans.
Outside of ceremony times, Nigatsudo offers excellent views over Nara city. It’s particularly beautiful during cherry blossom season. Consider visiting during the day after attending the night ceremonies to see this ancient structure from a different perspective.
Otaimatsu (Torch Ceremony)
The Otaimatsu, or torch-bearing ceremony, is the most spectacular event during Omizutori. Every evening after sunset, monks carry giant torches measuring 6-8 meters in length up to Nigatsudo’s balcony, showering embers upon the crowd below. These sparks are believed to bestow blessings of good fortune for the coming year.
The scale and duration of the ceremony vary daily. Typically, ten medium-sized torches are brought to the balcony one after another, with the entire event lasting about 20 minutes. Spectators gather in the courtyard below the wooden temple hall to witness this awe-inspiring sight.
March 12th sees the most grand-scale ceremony, with larger torches, more numerous, and a longer duration. On March 14th, the final day of Omizutori, all torches are brought to the balcony simultaneously, creating the most spectacular scene despite being the shortest in duration.
Experiencing the Otaimatsu ceremony is truly unique. As the massive torches are held overhead and embers rain down, you’ll feel a sense of primordial and sacred power. The firelight illuminates the night sky and the hearts of all participants. It’s not just a visual feast but a spiritual cleansing.
Omizutori (Water-Drawing Ceremony)
In the early hours of March 13th (around 1:30 AM to 2:30 AM), monks descend from Nigatsudo by torchlight to draw water from a well at the base of the hall. This well is said to flow only once a year, and its water is believed to have restorative powers. It is this ceremony that gives the entire event its name “Omizutori” (water-drawing).
While it’s difficult for visitors to witness the actual water-drawing ceremony, understanding its significance is crucial to appreciating the entire festival. In Buddhism, water symbolizes purification and rebirth, and this sacred water, appearing only once a year, holds special spiritual meaning.
Dattan Ceremony
Following the water-drawing, the mysterious Dattan ceremony is performed inside Nigatsudo Hall. During this ritual, monks blow horns, ring bells, and swing burning torches inside the wooden building. The event continues until around 3:30 AM.
Although the Dattan ceremony is not open to the public, its mysterious atmosphere adds an air of intrigue to the entire Omizutori event. Imagining the monks swinging torches in the darkness evokes a sense of timeless mystery.
Best Time to Visit
While every day during Omizutori is worth experiencing, certain dates are particularly special:
- March 12th: The grandest ceremony, but also the most crowded
- March 14th: The final day, when all torches are lit simultaneously for the most spectacular display
- Weekends: Larger crowds, arrive early for good viewing spots
- Weekdays: Relatively less crowded, easier to find ideal viewing positions
Additionally, cherry blossom season (typically late March to early April) is an excellent time to visit Nara, allowing you to combine Omizutori with hanami (cherry blossom viewing) activities.
Getting There
To reach Nigatsudo Hall, you have several options:
- Take a city bus from JR or Kintetsu Nara Station to “Todaiji Daibutsuden” stop, then walk about 15 minutes.
- Walk about 40 minutes from Kintetsu Nara Station or 55 minutes from JR Nara Station.
- If you’re already visiting Todaiji, it’s just a 10-minute walk from the Great Buddha Hall to Nigatsudo.
It’s recommended to use Google Maps or local navigation apps to plan your specific route.
Opening Hours and Admission
- Nigatsudo Hall is open 24 hours during Omizutori (March 1st-14th)
- Otaimatsu ceremony times: Start after sunset each evening, refer to the detailed schedule above
- Admission: Free
Visitor Tips
- Arrive Early: Especially on weekends and March 12th, arrive at least 1 hour before the ceremony for good viewing spots.
- Dress Warmly: Evenings can be cold, so wear warm clothing.
- Safety First: Keep a safe distance during the ceremony and don’t attempt to touch falling embers.
- Respect the Culture: Remember this is a religious ceremony; maintain silence and follow local guidelines.
- Photography Tips: Night photography can be challenging, consider bringing a tripod and a camera suitable for low-light conditions.
- Explore the Area: Combine your visit with other Nara attractions like Todaiji’s Great Buddha Hall and Kasuga Taisha Shrine.
Official Website
Conclusion
Omizutori is a unique experience that blends history, culture, and faith. Here, you’ll not only witness a heart-stirring fire ceremony but also feel the profound essence of Japanese Buddhist culture. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, cultural explorer, or photography lover, Omizutori will leave you with unforgettable memories. Come to Nara and immerse yourself in this millennia-old sacred ritual, feeling the power of time and the allure of faith.
Don’t miss this annual spectacle – plan your trip to Nara and experience the extraordinary charm of Omizutori for yourself!